Telecom (130)
The expansion of fibre optic network in Africa is a critical development in the journey toward digital transformation. This achievement supports key objectives, including bridging the digital divide, fostering economic growth, and strengthening the continent’s position in the global digital economy.
Technology services provider of the Federal Government of Nigeria, Galaxy Backbone (GBB), has successfully deployed its cutting-edge fibre optic network in Lagos, Ibadan, and Ilorin, it announced on December 16. This marks a major milestone in Phase II of the National Information and Communication Technology Infrastructure Backbone (NICTIB) project. The expansion reflects GBB's commitment to enhancing Nigeria's digital connectivity and accelerating its transformation into a digitally inclusive nation.
Prof. Ibrahim A. Adeyanju, Managing Director/CEO of Galaxy Backbone, hailed the achievement, stating: "The expansion of our fibre optic network to Lagos, Ibadan, and Ilorin is a significant step in bridging the digital divide and positioning Nigeria as a global leader in the digital economy. This infrastructure empowers us to deliver innovative, customer-focused solutions for both the public and private sectors."
With an extensive cross-country optical fibre backbone now spanning over 5,000 kilometers across 27 state capitals, GBB continues to solidify its role as Nigeria’s digital backbone. The project integrates the nation’s six geopolitical zones, enhancing digital inclusion and fostering economic growth.
The newly completed Abuja-to-Lagos route, which connects key cities such as Minna, Bida, Mokwa, Ilorin, Ogbomoso, Oyo, Ibadan, and Lagos, is a strategic development designed to bolster network reliability. This closed-loop network ensures service redundancy and reduces potential downtime, offering users a seamless, world-class digital experience.
The fibre optic network enhances high-speed, secure connectivity for government institutions and businesses, empowering them to thrive in an increasingly digital world. With this deployment, GBB reinforces its commitment to Nigeria’s socio-economic growth and its vision of a digitally inclusive society.
As Galaxy Backbone (GBB) extends its network, it reinforces its position as a key partner in driving Nigeria's digital economy, fostering innovation, and enabling sustainable development. This initiative aligns with GBB’s vision of building a smarter government, which will pave the way for smart communities, cities, and a more technology-driven nation. It also marks a significant step towards fulfilling its mandate of operating a nationwide IP-based network to provide a unified platform for connectivity and infrastructure services for all Government Ministries, Departments, and Agencies (MDAs).
The expansion aligns with Nigeria's National Broadband Plan 2020-2025 which aims to increase broadband penetration to 90% by 2025, a goal supported by GBB’s ongoing projects.
Hikmatu Bilali
Ride-hailing services have disrupted transportation, but autonomous technology marks the next evolution. Moove’s origin as an African startup tackling local mobility financing challenges exemplifies how innovations designed for underserved markets can address global needs.
Moove, a Nigerian-born fintech startup, has partnered with Waymo, Alphabet's autonomous vehicle division to manage fleets of self-driving cars in Phoenix, Arizona, and Miami, Florida. This initiative, announced on December 5, will introduce Waymo’s all-electric Jaguar I-PACE fleet to Miami streets by early 2025, with full ride-hailing operations expected in 2026 via the Waymo One app.
Ladi Delano, Moove's Co-founder and Co-CEO, highlighted the transformative nature of the collaboration, stating that it signals a major shift in urban mobility. “Moove is proud to partner with Waymo, bringing the operational expertise to make this transformation possible," he added.
Founded in 2020, Moove has revolutionized vehicle financing through its revenue-based model, allowing gig economy drivers to pay for vehicles using earnings. This innovative approach has empowered thousands across Africa and beyond, with the startup recently raising $100 million in a Series B funding round led by Uber. Moove has expanded into Mexico, India, and now the United States, demonstrating the growing global influence of African startups.
Through the Waymo partnership, Moove ventures into the autonomous vehicle sector, showcasing African innovation’s potential to solve complex global challenges. It represents a convergence of cutting-edge technology and innovative financing.
For Waymo, it enables faster scaling of its ride-hailing service while maintaining a high standard of safety and service. For Moove, it marks a pivotal moment in its global expansion and entry into advanced technologies.
This collaboration underscores the potential of African tech ecosystems to influence global industries. By leveraging their expertise, startups like Moove are paving the way for broader adoption of African-born solutions to address worldwide challenges.
Hikmatu Bilali
Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming industries worldwide. While Africa stands to benefit significantly from its advancements, the limited integration of African languages into AI systems poses a major obstacle to its full potential.
Orange announced, yesterday, a partnership with OpenAI and Meta to advance this initiative. The project, set to launch in the first half of 2025, aims to develop AI systems capable of recognizing and interacting with African languages.
West African languages such as Wolof and Pulaar will be the first to be included in the project. These languages will be integrated into OpenAI's Whisper and Meta's Llama technologies, which specialize in language recognition and translation.
Current AI models are predominantly trained using English-language data, which limits their capacity to support African languages. The underrepresentation stems from the scarcity of data available in these languages. To address this gap, Orange will contribute data from its local applications, particularly those used in customer service, to enhance AI processing of African languages.
One of the key objectives is to allow Orange users to interact with customer service in their native languages, making the user experience more seamless and accessible. The advancements achieved through this collaboration will extend beyond Orange’s services. The AI models developed will also be made available for non-commercial use, supporting public health and education initiatives.
By Servan Ahougnon
Editing by Sèna D. B. de Sodji
Language diversity in Africa often limits digital inclusion. Offering technologies in local languages simplifies access, encouraging adoption and broader use, which bridges the digital divide.
French multinational telecom Orange has announced a partnership with OpenAI and Meta to develop AI Large Language Models (LLMs) tailored to understanding regional African languages. Announced on November 26, the initiative will utilize OpenAI's Whisper and Meta's Llama platforms to address the underrepresentation of African languages in AI systems.
“Orange’s long-term goal is to work with many AI technology providers to enable future models to recognize all African languages spoken and written across Orange’s 18-country footprint in the region,” the release stated.
The project, set to launch in 2025, will initially focus on enhancing customer interactions in Wolof and Pulaar, spoken by millions in West Africa, and extend Orange’s digital inclusion efforts. These models will also be available for non-commercial use in public health and education.
Most existing AI models primarily cater to widely spoken languages, leaving millions of African language speakers without representation in digital systems. Orange's collaboration with OpenAI and Meta to develop AI models for African languages tackles a significant barrier to digital inclusion.
By enabling technology to communicate in local languages, the partnership promotes inclusive innovation and aligns with global efforts to ensure digital access for underserved populations.
Hikmatu Bilali
The Djiboutian government is prioritizing the digital economy as a key driver of its development strategy. To ensure that this sector contributes fully to the country's growth, the government is also heavily focused on securing its national cyberspace.
Mariam Hamadou Ali (photo, left), Djibouti's Minister of Digital Economy and Innovation, conducted an official visit to Qatar to discuss cybersecurity, according to the ministry's social media posts on Tuesday, November 19. During her visit, she met with Abdulrahman bin Ali Al Farahid Al Malki (photo, right), head of Qatar's National Cybersecurity Agency. Their discussions focused on the issue of cybersecurity and explored "ways to develop and strengthen the partnership in this field," as reported by the Qatar News Agency.
This visit aligns with the priorities outlined by Djibouti's President, Ismaïl Omar Guelleh, during the national political assembly in August. The president emphasized the crucial role of the digital and telecommunications sectors in the country’s development. It also comes ahead of the imminent launch of Djibouti's national cybersecurity strategy, a project underpinned by the formation of strategic alliances to bolster the nation’s defenses against cyber threats.
According to the Global Cybersecurity Index 2024 published in September by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), Djibouti is a Tier 4 country, with a score of 31.47 out of 100. This category, as defined by the ITU, includes countries demonstrating a foundational commitment to cybersecurity through government-led actions involving evaluation, establishment, or implementation of generally accepted cybersecurity measures in at least one pillar or across several indicators or sub-indicators.
In contrast, Qatar stands as a global leader in cybersecurity, earning a perfect score of 100 in the same ITU index. For Djibouti, a partnership with Qatar presents a significant opportunity. Potential benefits include the exchange of expertise, sharing of intelligence on emerging cyber threats, enhancement of digital infrastructure, and targeted investments. Such collaborations could play a pivotal role in building a resilient and robust cybersecurity ecosystem in Djibouti.
Adoni Conrad Quenum
Somali authorities aim to strengthen digital infrastructure. The telecom regulator is working with the International Finance Corporation (IFC) to develop a new regulatory framework for fiber-optic submarine cables.
Somali plans to improve the country’s digital infrastructure by developing a unified fiber-optic deployment policy. For that purpose, the Ministry of Communications and Technology held public consultations on November 17 and 18 to gather input from stakeholders.
“The unified fiber-optic deployment policy aims to guide national telecom companies toward collaboration in installing and expanding fiber-optic cables. This initiative will help reduce the costs associated with deploying and expanding fiber infrastructure while promoting the growth of a modern digital economy and national interconnectivity,” the ministry announced on its Facebook page on November 17.
In its Digital Economy Diagnostic – Somalia report, published in March 2024, the World Bank indicated that Somalia’s domestic fiber network remains significantly underdeveloped and fragmented. It noted that only isolated segments have been deployed by sub-regional operators, while cross-border links remain weak. Although Somalia is connected to five international submarine cables, with a sixth expected in 2025, the lack of a robust domestic infrastructure limits the equitable distribution of available capacity.
“The absence of a robust backbone network prevents the distribution of international capacity across Somalia, yielding uneven access to broadband, mixed network quality, limited redundancy, and hampers market competition,” the report stated.
Densifying the national fiber-optic network through this policy could improve internet quality and coverage across Somalia. However, challenges persist, as the World Bank pointed out, which could hinder internet adoption, with penetration rates standing at only 27.6% in early 2024, according to DataReportal. Key obstacles include limited access to affordable, broadband-compatible devices, a lack of attractive data-based services, insufficient relevant local content, and a digital skills gap.
Isaac K. Kassouwi
Satellite technologies are becoming a strategic tool for nations looking to fast-track their digital development. In this context, access to advanced technologies is essential to meet the growing demand for connectivity.
Augustin Kibassa, Congolese Minister of Posts, Telecommunications, and Information and Communication Technologies (PT-NTIC), visited the facilities of satellite manufacturer Thales Alenia Space in France on Thursday. During his visit, Kibassa met with European company executives and toured the entire satellite production process, from design to launch. This visit aligns with the Congolese government's goal of developing satellite capabilities to meet a range of national needs.
Just two days earlier, on November 12, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) signed a memorandum of understanding with satellite operator Monacosat. This strategic partnership reflects the DRC's ambition to expand its internet capacity through various telecom technologies, aiming to deliver quality telecom services nationwide, including its most remote regions.
While the PT-NTIC ministry has not disclosed specific strategic goals for the Thales Alenia Space visit, the trip suggests potential responses to the DRC's previously expressed concerns about territorial surveillance. In 2022, the Congolese government announced its interest in acquiring a $100 million Earth observation satellite funded domestically. An official tender was issued by the Ministry of Scientific Research and Technological Innovation that November.
Whether for telecommunications or Earth observation, satellites represent high-value technology. For the DRC, which faces significant security and economic challenges, satellites could be instrumental in securing borders and localities against rebel groups, identifying areas affected by natural disasters, combating illegal mining activities, and assessing the condition of the country's critical infrastructure.
Samira Njoya
International money transfers play a key role in the global economy, facilitating financial exchanges worldwide. In Africa, the rise of mobile money has revolutionized these transactions, significantly boosting financial inclusion.
Mobile money transfers between countries were among the fastest-growing services in Africa in 2023. The total amount sent reached nearly $29 billion, a 33% increase from $22 billion in 2022, according to the GSMA.
In The State of the Industry Report on Mobile Money 2024 , published last April, the GSMA explains that this growth was largely driven by the Covid-19 pandemic. During this period, diasporas worldwide widely adopted mobile money transfers to meet the urgent needs of family members in Africa.
This practice, born out of the necessity for quick, secure, and affordable transactions, has endured, especially given the continent’s low banking rate. Mobile money has thus become a critical alternative to traditional banking services. International transfers via mobile money grew from $16 billion in 2021 to reach $29 billion in 2023.
In 2023, international mobile money transfers accounted for 3.18% of the $912 billion transacted through mobile money in sub-Saharan Africa. Although modest, these transfers play a vital role in the sector. Merchant payments, another significant component, reached $74 billion, or roughly 8.11% of the total mobile money transactions, up 14% from 2022. Additionally, transfers between banks and mobile money services (in both directions) rose 15% year-on-year, reaching $210 billion in 2023, according to the GSMA.
Challenges and Recommendations for Further Development
Despite this strong growth, the expansion of international mobile money transfers in sub-Saharan Africa faces structural challenges. One key issue is the relatively low adoption of mobile financial services, even though mobile phone penetration is high. In 2023, the region counted 856 million mobile money subscriptions out of 980 million mobile phone subscriptions.
To accelerate growth in this sector, the GSMA recommends increasing partnerships between telecom operators and banks to enhance interoperability and lower transaction costs. Meanwhile, governments could support these efforts by investing in digital infrastructure in remote areas and adopting favorable regulations. These actions would make mobile money services even more accessible, amplifying their impact on financial inclusion globally.
Samira Njoya
In a context where access to technology remains uneven, countries are seeking innovative solutions to improve connectivity. International partnerships, particularly in satellite technology, are essential levers to bridge this digital divide.
The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), on Tuesday, November 12, signed a memorandum of understanding with Monaco's leading satellite operator, Monacosat, to expand satellite infrastructure in the country. The agreement, signed by Congolese Minister of Posts, Telecommunications, and Digital Economy Augustin Kibassa Maliba (photo, left), aims to bridge the digital divide in rural and remote areas.
The partnership will involve discussions to finalize the details of deploying a satellite telecommunications network in the DRC, leveraging Monacosat's satellite capacity. According to a statement from the Congolese Ministry of ICT, the initiative aims to bridge the digital divide in rural and hard-to-reach areas by leveraging Monacosat’s satellite capabilities to expand connectivity. “We have decided to work closely together and consult on matters of mutual interest, focusing on the deployment of a satellite telecommunications network in the DRC through the acquisition of satellite capacity from Monacosat,” the statement read.
This initiative aligns with DRC's “Horizon 2025” National Digital Plan, which seeks to develop a robust digital infrastructure to connect the country. It follows a recent cooperation agreement signed with the Polish government to support digital infrastructure expansion in the DRC.
Despite government efforts, the country continues to show low connectivity rates. According to the Congo Post and Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (ARPTC), as of June 30, 2023, only 30.79% of Congolese had access to mobile internet, and a mere 0.0174% had fixed internet access. The United Nations' latest "E-Government Survey 2024," published in September, highlighted this gap, noting that the DRC’s telecom infrastructure development index stands at 0.1591, well below the African average of 0.4534.
If negotiations succeed, Monacosat would extend its coverage across the DRC using its TurkmenAlem52E/MonacoSAT satellite, which already operates in Africa. This initiative could not only connect millions of Congolese but also facilitate access to education, healthcare, and digital public services, contributing to the country’s overall development. It could also help offset delays in the fiber optic network expansion, which is estimated to require nearly 50,000 kilometers of additional coverage.
Samira Njoya
Mobile internet access in Africa is evolving rapidly, yet speed disparities persist. While some countries report strong connection speeds, others struggle to keep up due to infrastructure and technological challenges.
South Africa leads the African continent in terms of mobile download speeds, averaging 34.5 Mbps, according to a report published, on Monday, by mobile data analytics firm Opensignal. This speed is 50% faster than that of Zimbabwe, which ranks second, and four times faster than Angola, which is at the bottom of the list.
Titled The State of Mobile Network Experience in Africa, the report covers 27 African countries and attributes these disparities to differences in network infrastructure investments and spectrum management. In South Africa, sustained efforts to modernize infrastructure and the rapid adoption of 4G and 5G technologies have enabled faster, more reliable connectivity. Conversely, Angola remains reliant on older technologies like 2G, which limit speeds and hinder the use of modern applications—a challenge also affecting countries like Zimbabwe and Mali, where infrastructure still needs significant upgrades.
In terms of Consistent Quality (CQ), a measure of the stability needed for services like video calls, South Africa and Tunisia perform well, with CQ scores of 58.6% and 57.6%, respectively. However, in over half of the African countries analyzed, CQ scores fall below 30%, indicating unstable connectivity that limits user experience, especially in countries like Mali, Guinea, and Cameroon.
To address these gaps, Opensignal suggests governments should invest in infrastructure, ensure efficient spectrum allocation, create supportive regulatory frameworks, enhance digital skills, address device affordability, and promote wider adoption of 4G and 5G technologies.
According to the GSMA increased mobile internet use could add about $795 billion to Africa’s GDP between 2023 and 2030. This underscores the significant economic impact that enhanced connectivity could have across the continent.
Samira Njoya
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Chadian citizens frequently complain about poor telecom services, particularly internet quality. The latest major outage occurred on October 15 and lasted about 24 hours.
Boukar Michel (photo), Chad’s Minister of Communications, Digital Economy, and Digitalization of Administration, has announced a series of projects aimed at modernizing the national telecom network and reducing consumer costs. He addressed the National Transitional Council on November 5, following the adoption of a law amending Article 13 of the Regulatory Authority for Electronic Communications and Postal Services (ARCEP).
A New Mobile Operator to Enter the Market
One of the key initiatives includes the upcoming launch of Salam, a subsidiary of the state-owned operator Sotel, which will end the current duopoly of Airtel and Moov Africa. In Q3 2024, Moov Africa Chad, a subsidiary of Maroc Telecom Group, reported 6.7 million subscribers and held a 55% market share as of September 2023, making it the market leader.
The entry of Salam is expected to increase competition, ultimately benefiting Chadian consumers seeking better quality services at more affordable prices.
Additionally, the government aims to sell 60% of its stake in Sotel to a private investor to bring in the technical and financial resources needed to revitalize the operator and make it more competitive against Airtel and Moov Africa. Sotel’s fixed and mobile subscriber base has declined over the past seven years, reaching only 23,907 in 2020, according to ARCEP.
Improved Telecom Infrastructure
Michel also announced plans to deploy 200 telecom sites with 3G and 4G capabilities to improve nationwide coverage. According to the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) DataHub, 3G and 4G networks covered 68% and 36% of the population in 2022, respectively. While 2G coverage reached 86.8%, 5G is yet to be deployed in Chad.
This infrastructure upgrade aims to improve service quality amidst a recent decline in telecom availability. The latest significant outage on October 15 lasted approximately 24 hours, and just ten days later, Airtel Chad experienced a service disruption affecting voice, SMS, and internet for several hours.
These infrastructure investments align with the government’s strategy to strengthen the digital network, particularly through the Trans-Saharan Fiber Optic Backbone project. This initiative will connect Chad with neighboring countries, providing indirect access to undersea cables via coastal nations such as Nigeria, Benin, and Algeria, each linked to multiple undersea cables. The project is expected to be completed by late 2024 or early 2025.
These expanded capacities should enhance internet quality in Chad, a landlocked nation currently reliant on Cameroon and Sudan for its international connectivity.
Starlink
The minister also revealed ongoing discussions with satellite internet provider Starlink. The government anticipates that SpaceX’s Starlink subsidiary will help drive down internet costs.
Starlink plans to begin commercial operations in Chad in 2025, pending regulatory approvals. Pricing details for Chad are not yet available. However, in Benin, where Starlink launched in November 2023, the monthly subscription costs 30,000 CFA francs (around $50), with a one-time terminal cost of 400,000 CFA francs.
Isaac K. Kassouwi
As a landlocked country, Chad is focusing on interconnections with coastal neighbors that have direct access to submarine cables. These connections are currently limited, as the country is only linked to Cameroon and Sudan.
In Chad, the European Union (EU) and the African Development Bank (AfDB), partners in the Trans-Saharan Fiber Optic Backbone project, have expressed overall satisfaction with the progress of the work. On Thursday, October 24, a delegation from both institutions accompanied Boukar Michel, Chad’s Minister of Telecommunications and Digital Economy, on a site visit in N'Djamena.
According to Brahim Abdelkerim, Secretary General of the Ministry, approximately 100 kilometers remain to be installed to complete Chad’s section of the backbone. The project includes a 559-kilometer stretch to the Niger border and a 50-kilometer metropolitan network in the capital. The completion is expected by the end of the year or early 2025.
This positive assessment comes around six months after Boukar Michel’s previous visit, during which he criticized the slow pace of work and hinted at potential “drastic measures.” In May 2023, the government revived the project, initially launched in 2020. The consortium CGPS/LORYNE, responsible for the execution, was originally scheduled to complete the work within ten months. The project, costing 20.5 billion CFA francs (approximately 33.9 million USD), is financed by the EU and the AfDB, with the Chadian government contributing 1.6 billion CFA francs.
This infrastructure is critical for strengthening Chad’s national telecom network. The landlocked country currently relies mainly on Cameroon and Sudan for international internet capacity, and disruptions in these countries’ fiber optic transport networks often cause significant telecommunications issues in Chad, particularly for internet access.
According to N'Kodia Claude, a representative from the AfDB, Chad will gain access to submarine landing points via Niger, facilitating its connection to international cables. Niger shares borders with coastal countries like Benin, Nigeria, and Algeria, each of which has access to at least three submarine cables. This interconnection is expected to improve the quality of Chad’s internet network while enhancing its redundancy.
Isaac K. Kassouwi
The Djiboutian government has outlined a clear vision: to drive the country toward digital emergence by 2035. A cornerstone of this transformation is the expansion of high-speed internet infrastructure, which the government sees as a vital catalyst for achieving this ambitious goal.
On Wednesday, October 16, Djibouti took a significant step toward digital transformation with the launch of its national broadband development strategy. The official presentation was held during a workshop organized by the Ministry of Communication, in charge of Posts and Telecommunications. This ambitious plan aims to accelerate the expansion of fiber-optic coverage and democratize access to high-speed internet, both fixed and mobile, across the entire country.
According to the Minister of Communication, responsible for Posts and Telecommunications, Radwan Abdillahi Bahdon (photo), the new strategy advocates for lower tariffs and doubling internet speeds without increasing costs. It also focuses on regulatory frameworks, promoting computer literacy, and developing infrastructure, among other priorities.
The initiative is part of the “Djibouti Digital Foundation” project. Supported by the World Bank, this project aims to transform Djibouti into a tech hub by 2035 by promoting digital services and creating a favorable environment for private sector investments in ICT.
Early results of this strategy include the deployment of 250 km of fiber-optic cable in the northern part of the country and the connection of over 100 administrative buildings to high-speed networks. These efforts have helped bridge the digital divide between regions and modernize public services.
With this new strategy, Djibouti aims to address its internet challenges. The country is currently connected to nine submarine fiber-optic cables. Despite these multiple connections, the World Bank has raised concerns about the high cost and poor quality of internet service. In its 2023 diagnostic report on Djibouti's digital economy, the international institution highlighted that the price of high-speed internet in Djibouti is among the highest in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.
In the DRC, the telecommunication sector is undergoing significant modernization. To ensure its overall development, the country can rely on strategic partners such as the World Bank, which plays a key role in supporting this transformation.
The International Finance Corporation (IFC) will support the telecommunication sector in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The decision was announced during a meeting on Tuesday, September 8, between the Minister of Posts, Telecommunications, and Digitalization, Augustin Kibassa Maliba (photo, left), and Mary Porter Peschka (photo, right), IFC’s Regional Director for East Africa.
“We discussed the willingness [of] the International Finance Corporation to support the Congolese government in the development of the telecommunications sector. The telecommunications sector is of paramount importance, both for the DRC and for our group,” said Mary Porter Peschka.
This initiative is part of the DRC's National Digital Plan (Horizon 2025) which makes telecommunications a key sector. The country is already seeing positive effects from this momentum, with mobile phone subscribers increasing by 6.4 million, from 49.8 million in 2022 to 56.2 million in December 2023, according to the Congolese Postal and Telecommunications Regulatory Authority. Meanwhile, mobile market revenues in the DRC reached 11.898 billion CFA francs ($19.9 million) in July 2023, a 9.7% increase compared to the previous year.
The IFC’s support in the DRC will focus on several strategic areas, including strengthening digital skills and developing and modernizing digital infrastructure, among others. The overarching goal is to create a favorable environment for innovation and investment by attracting new private sector players while boosting the competitiveness of local businesses.
Samira Njoya