The development of a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) holds significant importance for African development on several fronts as it can serve as as a catalyst for financial inclusion, allowing unbanked populations to access formal financial services. This, in turn, can spur economic growth by empowering individuals and small businesses with access to credit and other financial tools.

The National Bank of Rwanda (BNR) intends to launch a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) to enhance financial inclusion and provide a secure alternative to cash, Deputy Governor Soraya Hakuziyaremye disclosed in a June 3 interview with The New Times Rwanda.

According to Hon. Hakuziyaremye, BNR worked with the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of ICT and Innovation on a feasibility study to prepare for the launch of the CBDC. The digital currency is expected to promote innovation, improve cross-border payments, and support Rwanda's cashless policy.

The BNR plans to involve banks and consult the public to gather feedback and address concerns about financial system stability, data privacy, and system resilience. The public consultation, open until the end of June, will inform the next step in the CBDC development, which is the proof of concept.

According to the World Bank's Global Findex 2021, 71% of adults in developing economies now have a formal financial account, a significant increase from 42% a decade ago when the database was first published. Additionally, the proportion of adults making or receiving digital payments in these economies rose from 35% in 2014 to 57% in 2021. The significant increase in digital payment adoption in developing economies underscores the potential impact of Rwanda's planned digital currency. The introduction of a digital franc could leverage this momentum to further enhance financial inclusion and efficiency in payments, aligning with broader regional and global digital transformation goals.

Hikmatu Bilali